Railways

Ukraine’s railway network is one of the most extensive in Europe, spanning approximately 20,000 km, with around 50% electrified, ensuring efficient and environmentally friendly transport. This infrastructure connects all regions of the country, linking industrial hubs, ports, and key trade centers.

Ukraine’s railway system is integrated with the networks of neighboring countries, making it a crucial part of international transport corridors. Key transit routes between Europe and Asia pass through Ukraine, reinforcing its role as a transit hub.

However, the railway sector faces significant challenges, primarily due to the high wear and tear of rolling stock. Approximately 90% of railcars are outdated, impacting service quality and increasing maintenance costs. Another challenge lies in the track gauge disparity between Ukraine and Europe. Like many countries in the former Soviet Union, Ukraine uses a 1,520 mm broad gauge, whereas most European countries utilize the 1,435 mm standard gauge. Ukrainian trains cannot operate on European railways without adaptation or bogie exchanges, complicating direct rail connections between Ukraine and the EU. At border terminals, freight must either be transshipped onto other railcars or bogies replaced to accommodate the differing gauges.

Ukraine is actively working to integrate with European transport systems. For instance, sections of standard-gauge railways are being constructed along specific routes, such as the line to Lviv. In the future, the development of 1,435 mm gauge infrastructure will improve transport efficiency between Ukraine and the EU, facilitating international trade and strengthening economic ties.